Renata Cristina Alvares
Abstract:
The collection and characterization of accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacq. it's important for the constitution and recovery of genetic resources of the species. However, it's necessary to know how divergent these materials constituting the genetic resource are, so they can be used in breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic divergence of 137 accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacq. from the southwest region of Goiás state, through 25 IPGRI morphological descriptors and the quantification by colorimetric methods, in absorbance/gram of capsaicin present in fruits. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the experimental area of UFG - Jataí Campus. A randomized block design with 4 replications was used, each plot consisting of a pot of 8 kilograms of soil with one plant. In the analysis of variance, the weight of one hundred seeds was significant at 5% significance level and the other characters evaluated significant at 1% significance. The same occurred with the grouping of averages by the 5% Scott-Knott test, with the formation of more than one group for all descriptors, the descriptors being 10 fruit mass, average fruit length and fruit stalk length, those with the largest number of groups. In multivariate statistics, Tocher's optimization grouping was performed for the 137 accessions, with the presence of 95% of the accessions in the first group. The group I accession regroup was chosen, indicating the formation of 19 new groups, which showed great intragroup heterogeneity. By the UPGMA hierarchical method, 16 groups were formed with a cut at about 60% of the distance. The first three main components were able to explain 43.68% of the total variation, however, even with low explanation it was possible to observe agreement between the grouping techniques used. The ACP was complemented by the projection of CP1, CP2 and CP4, there were no drastic changes and a 7.85% increase in explanation. By the Singh method, the variables that most contributed to the total variation were plant height and canopy diameter, both related to plant size. Based on the proposal by Jolliffe, 14 descriptors were considered disposable. The analyzes contributed to the generation of information on the variability in the accessions under study and subsidies for future work with the species.
