Núbia Sousa Carrijo

Abstract:

Aimed to characterize the fruit and to verify if the fruit size affects the germination and the initial development of the Syagrus oleracea Becc seedlings. (Arecaceae), popularly known as guariroba. For this purpose, guariroba fruits were collected in Mineiros and Jataí (GO) municipalities, measured and separated into five size classes (T1: fruit≤4,300cm; T2: 4,300cmfruit≤4,833cm; T3: 4,833cmfruit ≤5,367cm; T4: 5,367cmfruit ≤5,900cm and T5: fruit5,900cm). After fruit collection, the physical analysis of the fruits, diaspores, embryo and endosperm was performed on different days after sowing (0; 20; 40; 60; 80; 100; 110; 120 and 130 days after sowing). Emergency analysis and initial development were performed individually every 10 days, and six evaluations were performed. After emergency stabilization, all seedlings were analyzed every 10 days, totaling 16 evaluations. In both, the length of the insertion to the apex of the leaf and the diameter of the neck at ground level were measured in each seedling; calculating emergence speed index (IVE), emergence percentage (% E) and time spent to emerge half of fruits (T50). In BOD germination chambers tests were performed with green and ripe fruits as well as the influence of different wavelengths of visible light in the germination process, in these tests were calculated germination speed index (IVG), germination percentage (% G) and time taken to germinate half the fruits (T50). Descriptive analysis was also performed for variables related to fruit and diaspore size, followed by analysis of variance and regression equations when necessary for the characteristics evaluated. The fruits measure between 3.61 and 6.98cm. The greater the thickness of the functional pore, the greater the germ capacity and IVG. Initial seedling development was uniform up to 60 days after emergence stabilization for all fruit sizes, however fruits smaller than 5.367 cm had better performance between 60 and 150 days after emergence stabilization. Under nursery conditions, the larger the fruit, the higher the IVE. In the nursery were found higher% E in fruits larger than 5.90cm and smaller% E in fruits smaller than 4.30cm. In the laboratory, higher% G were found in fruits with length between 4.834 and 5.367 cm and smaller% G between 5.368 and 5.90 cm. Ripe fruits have higher germination capacity when compared to green fruits. Guariroba is a neutral species, as it doesn't depend on the light influence for germination occurrence.

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